Knowledge Community as an Intervention Mechanism for Drought Resilience in South Africa
Abstract
Drought remains an existential issue in South Africa and it has posed significant threats to crop farming, pastoralism and agro-allied industrial activities. This study, relying on structural-functionalism as theoretical thrust, examined the relevance of knowledge sharing and its receptivity to drought-affected actors at the municipal level. The study adopted survey method and drew 122 participants who are affected by or concerned with water stress for agricultural and agro-allied activities. The data collected were analysed using Chi Square (X2) statistical test and binomial regression. The findings of the study show that the participants believe that knowledge sharing at the municipal level among critical stakeholders will lessen the impacts of drought when it occurs. The participants also indicated that they are willing to be coopted into such arrangement because of their belief that each stakeholder sector holds specialised knowledge and skills that may benefit other sectors and increase drought resilience. It is however important that the facilitation of the knowledge communities at municipal level be championed by the public and private sectors because of the financial implication of institutionalising such arrangement.
References
Bahta, Y. T., & Myeki, V. A. (2021). Adaptation, coping strategies and resilience of agricultural drought in South Africa: implication for the sustainability of livestock sector. Heliyon, 7(11), e08280.
Baudoin M. A., Vogel, C. H., Nortje K. & Naik, N. (2017). Living with drought in South Africa: lessons learnt from the recent El Nino period. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct 20:128–137.
Benson, C., & Clay, E. (2003). Economic and financial impacts of natural disasters: an assessment of their effects and options for mitigation: synthesis report. Overseas Development Institute, London.
Blamey, R., & Reason, C. J. C. (2007). Relationships between Antarctic sea-ice and South African winter rainfall. Climate Research, 33(2), 183-193.
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2020, September 2). KwaZulu-Natal. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/place/KwaZulu-Natal.
Brown, J. (2011). Assuming too much? Participatory water resource governance in South Africa. The Geographical Journal, 177(2), 171-185.
Camarero, J. J., Rozas, V., & Olano, J. M. (2014). Minimum wood density of Juniperus thurifera is a robust proxy of spring water availability in a continental Mediterranean climate. Journal of biogeography, 41(6), 1105-1114.
Carolwicz, M. (1996) “Natural hazards need not lead to natural disasters,” EOS 77, 16: 149, 153.
Chilcott, J. H. (1998). Structural functionalism as a heuristic device. Anthropology & education quarterly, 29(1), 103-111.
Colvin, P. M. (1985). Cattle sales in KwaZulu: A systems-based approach to an improved marketing strategy. Development Southern Africa, 2(3), 383-397.
Cook, A. R., Leslie, L. M., Parsons, D. B., & Schaefer, J. T. (2017). The impact of El Niño– Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on winter and early spring US tornado outbreaks. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 56(9), 2455-2478.
Crausbay, S. D., Ramirez, A. R., Carter, S. L., Cross, M. S., Hall, K. R., Bathke, D. J., ... & Dunham, J. B. (2017). Defining ecological drought for the twenty-first century. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 98(12), 2543-2550.
De Haas, M., & Zulu, P. (1994). Ethnicity and federalism: the case of KwaZulu/Natal. Journal of Southern African Studies, 20(3), 433-446.
Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (2016). Draft National Drought Indaba Concept Note. Available at: https://www.dalrrd.gov.za/doaDev/sideMenu/others/CCDM/docs/DAFF-CCDM%20Drought%20Indaba%20Concept%20Note%20-%2015%20to%2016%20September%202016.pdf (accessed on 15th August 2022).
Department of Water and Sanitation (2022). Drought Interventions. Available at: https://www.dws.gov.za/drought/default.aspx (accessed on 15th August 2022).
Dijkstra, H. A. (2006). The ENSO phenomenon: theory and mechanisms. Advances in Geosciences, 6, 3-15.
Ding, Y., Hayes, M. J., & Widhalm, M. (2011). Measuring economic impacts of drought: A Disaster Risk Reduction, 5, 49-60.
Domeisen, N. (1995) “Disasters: Threat to social development,” STOP Disasters: The IDNDR.
Eeley, H. A., Lawes, M. J., & Piper, S. E. (1999). The influence of climate change on the distribution of indigenous forest in KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa. Journal of Biogeography, 26(3), 595-617.
Esikuri, E. E. (2005). Mitigating drought-long-term planning to reduce vulnerability (No. 37952, pp. 1-4). The World Bank.
Fauchereau, N., Trzaska, S., Rouault, M., & Richard, Y. (2003). Rainfall variability and changes in southern Africa during the 20th century in the global warming context. Natural Hazards, 29(2), 139-154.
Funk, C., & Shukla, S. (2020). Drought early warning and forecasting: theory and practice. Elsevier.
Gautam, M. (2006). Managing drought in sub-Saharan Africa: Policy perspectives (No. 1004- 2016-78563).
Hammond-Tooke, W. D. (2008). Cattle symbolism in Zulu culture. Zulu identities: Being Zulu, past and present, 62-68.
Hellmuth, M. E., Moorhead, A., Thomas, M. C., & Williams, J. (2007). Climate risk management in Africa: Learning from practice.
Hlalele, B. M., Mokhatle, I. M., & Motlogeloa, R. T. (2016). Assessing economic impacts of agricultural drought: a case of Thaba Nchu, South Africa. J Earth Sci Clim Change, 7(327), 2.
Howitt, R. E., MacEwan, D. & Medellín-Azuara, J. (2009). Economic impacts of reductions in delta exports on Central Valley agriculture. Agriculture and Resource Economics Update, 12(3), 1-4.
Ibebuchi, C. C. (2021). Revisiting the 1992 severe drought episode in South Africa: the role of El Niño in the anomalies of atmospheric circulation types in Africa south of the equator. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 146(1), 723-740.
Jiang, J., & Fortenbery, T. R. (2019). El Niño and La Niña induced volatility spillover effects in the US soybean and water equity markets. Applied Economics, 51(11), 1133-1150.
Jury, M. R. (2002). Economic impacts of climate variability in South Africa and development of resource prediction models. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 41(1), 46-55.
MacKinnon, A. S. (1999). The persistence of the cattle economy in Zululand, South Africa, 1900– 50. Canadian Journal of African Studies/La Revue canadienne des études africaines, 33(1), 98-135.
Manatsa, D., & Matarira, C. H. (2009). Changing dependence of Zimbabwean rainfall variability on ENSO and the Indian Ocean dipole/zonal mode. Theoretical and applied climatology, 98(3-4), 375-396.
Manatsa, D., Unganai, L., Gadzirai, C., & Behera, S. K. (2012). An innovative tailored seasonal rainfall forecasting production in Zimbabwe. Natural hazards, 64(2), 1187-1207.
Mason S. J. (2001) El Nino, Climate change and Southern African Climate. Environmetrics: The Journal of the International Environmetrics Society, 12(4), 327-345.
McCabe, G. J., Betancourt, J. L., Gray, S. T., Palecki, M. A., & Hidalgo, H. G. (2008). Associations of multi-decadal sea-surface temperature variability with US drought. Quaternary International, 188(1), 31-40.
Misra V (2003) The influence of Pacific SST variability on the precipitation over Southern monitoring. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 133(1-4), 69-88.
Mysiak, J., & Markandya, A. (2009). Economic costs of droughts. Xerochore WP2 Brief.
Naumann, G., Barbosa, P., Garrote, L., Iglesias, A., Vogt, J., 2013. Exploring drought nexus. International journal of environmental research and public health, 13(4), 443.
Ngaka M. J. (2011) Drought preparedness, impact and response: A case of Eastern Cape and Free State Provinces of South Africa. J Disaster Risk Stud 4: 47-57.
Pandey, V., Misra, A. K., & Yadav, S. B. (2019). Impact of El-Nino and La-Nina on Indian Climate and Crop Production. In Climate Change and Agriculture in India: Impact and Adaptation (pp. 11-20). Springer, Cham.
Philander, S. G. (1990). El Niño, La Niña, and the southern oscillation, 293 pp. San Diego, CA: Academic.
Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. (1950). Introduction. In A. R. Radcliffe-Brown, & D. Ford (Eds.), African Systems of Kinship and Marriage. London: Oxford University Press.
Robinson, J. (1990). ‘A Perfect System of Control’? State Power and ‘Native Locations' in South Africa. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 8(2), 135-162.
Rosegrant, M. W., Cai, X., & Cline, S. A. (2002). World water and food to 2025: dealing with scarcity. Intl Food Policy Res Inst.
SA Forestry (2022). Forestry’s Employment Contribution in South Africa. Employment contribution | Forestry South Africa Official Site, accessed on 14th December 2022.
Salamia H., Shahnooshib N., Thomsonc, K. J. (2008). The economic impacts of drought on the economy of Iran: An integration of linear programming and macroeconometric modelling approaches. Ecological Economics 68: 1032-1039.
Shiferaw, B., Tesfaye, K., Kassie, M., Abate, T., Prasanna, B. M., & Menkir, A. (2014). Managing vulnerability to drought and enhancing livelihood resilience in sub-Saharan Africa: Technological, institutional and policy options. Weather and Climate Extremes, 3, 67-79.
Singh, M. (2006, November). Identifying and assessing drought hazard and risk in Africa. In Regional Conference on Insurance and Reinsurance for Natural Catastrophe Risk in Africa, Casablanca, Morocco.
Smith, C. (2018) FIN24 Drought impact on W Cape economy worse than anticipated – minister. https://www.fin24.com/Economy/drought-impact-on-w-cape-economy-worse-than-anticipated-minister-20180301 (accessed on January 2019).
Sobania, N. (2002). But where are the cattle? Popular images of Maasai and Zulu across the twentieth century. Visual Anthropology, 15(3-4), 313-346.
Steenkamp, N. C., & Clark-Mostert, V. (2012, April). Impact of illegal mining at historic gold mine locations, Giyani Greenstone Belt area, South Africa. In 9th International Mining History Congress (pp. 1-10).
Theunissen P 2005. The economic impact of a drought. From (Retrieved on 27th February, 2019).
Turner, B. L., Matson, P. A., McCarthy, J. J., Corell, R. W., Christensen, L., Eckley, N., ... & Tyler, N. (2003). Illustrating the coupled human–environment system for vulnerability analysis: three case studies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100(14), 8080-8085.
UNCCD (2022, May). Drought in numbers 2022: restoration for readiness and resilience. Retrieved from https://www.unccd.int/resources/publications/drought-numbers
Vikas, M. & Dwarakish, G. S. (2015) El Nino: A Review. International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering. Volume 08, No. 02. 130-137.
Wilhite, D. A. (2016). Drought-management policies and preparedness plans: changing the paradigm from crisis to risk management. In Land restoration (pp. 443-462). Academic Press.
Williams, B. (2016). Drought Policy in South Africa, Water Crisis.
Ziehl, S. (2002). Black South Africans do live in nuclear family households—a response to Russell. Society in Transition, 33(1), 26-49.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Kehinde Ilesanmi, Abiodun Omotayo Oladejo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The author fully assumes the content originality and the holograph signature makes him responsible in case of trial.