The Journal of Accounting and Management

Examining the Impact of Exchange Rate Volatility on Agricultural Exports in Zimbabwe 1980-2022

2025-07-28T11:33:34+00:00

The study examines the impact of exchange rate volatility on Zimbabwe’s agricultural exports (1980–2022), highlighting their economic significance. Using ARDL analysis, it finds short-term positive but long-term negative effects of exchange rate fluctuations, with inflation significantly reducing exports over time. GDP, FDI, and production have temporary effects. Policy recommendations include hedging tools and budgetary stabilisation to mitigate risks, enhance export competitiveness, and drive sustainable development. The study contributes to understanding trade-exchange rate dynamics in developing nations, offering actionable insights for policymakers to foster export-led growth and ensure resilience in Zimbabwe’s agricultural sector.

Green Energy Transformation in Post-War Karabakh: Pathways Toward Sustainable Reconstruction and Regional Development

2026-02-11T14:53:38+00:00

Post-war Karabakh faces the dual challenge of large-scale infrastructure reconstruction and the creation of a resilient, low-carbon energy system capable of supporting long-term socioeconomic recovery. Extensive damage to energy facilities and grid networks has resulted in supply insecurity and limited regional productivity. This paper aims to evaluate the potential for green energy transformation in Karabakh and to identify sustainable pathways for integrating renewable energy into the reconstruction process. Methodologically, the study adopts an adaptive, data-driven approach based on secondary statistical sources, policy analysis, and comparative evidence from post-conflict regions. A simplified capacity estimation model is applied to assess renewable energy potential, where total generation is calculated as the sum of solar, wind, hydropower, and geothermal outputs: . Resource-specific formulations are used to estimate installed capacity and annual generation based on available land, flow rates, and resource intensity. The results indicate substantial multi-source potential that can enhance energy security, reduce emissions, and stimulate sustainable regional development. The study offers practical planning recommendations for green reconstruction in post-war territories.

Transforming the Accounting Curricula by Assessing Soft Skills: Insights from South African Universities

2026-01-22T18:18:59+00:00

This study explores the integration of soft skills assessment within accountancy programmes to facilitate curriculum transformation in South African higher education. Building on prior work that highlights the critical role of non-technical skills for graduate employability, the research addresses a gap in the literature concerning a standardised framework for producing comparable accounting graduates. The study adopted a pragmatic, exploratory qualitative approach, gathering data through semi-structured interviews with academic staff from 12 SAICA-accredited universities. The findings reveal that soft skills are assessed through a mix of formal and informal methods, heavily reliant on individual instructor discretion. A significant barrier identified is resource disparity among institutions, which, coupled with varying levels of staff and student readiness, adversely impacts the consistency and quality of graduate outcomes. The study’s implications point to the need for professional bodies and universities to collaborate on a unified framework and a shared resource bank. The value of this paper lies in its proposal of a contextual framework aimed at standardising soft skills assessment, thereby transforming the accounting curriculum to yield graduates who are more practice-ready and comparable across the South African higher education landscape.

Proxying the Invisible: Estimating Transnistria’s Shadow Economy and Its Threats to Regional Economic Security

2026-01-20T09:16:23+00:00

This paper explores the shadow economy in Transnistria and its implications for Moldova’s economic security. As an unrecognized and semi-autonomous region, Transnistria operates largely outside Moldova’s formal regulatory and fiscal systems, fostering informal and semi-legal economic practices. Conventional estimation methods, such as the Currency Demand Approach (CDA), cannot be applied due to the lack of reliable monetary and macroeconomic data. To address this limitation, a population-intensity proxy model is used, drawing on Moldova’s national shadow economy estimates (42.8 % of GDP in 2020; 37.1 % in 2025) and adjusting for Transnistria’s population share and higher informal intensity. Results suggest that informal activity may range from 1.7 % to 3.4 % of Moldova’s GDP in 2020 and 1.5 % to 3.0 % in 2025. The analysis indicates that informal practices are concentrated in fuel, metals, alcohol, and tobacco trade, and are partly facilitated by Russian patronage reflecting the structural embedding of informality in governance arrangements, highlighting the intersection of contested sovereignty, institutional fragility, and external influence. By integrating proxy estimation with qualitative insights, this research illuminates how shadow economies in unrecognized territories reshape governance, distort trade, and pose systemic economic security risks.

Financial Integration in a Transition Economy: Evidence from Azerbaijan Using ARDL and VAR Approaches

2026-01-15T11:16:56+00:00

This study examines the degree and dynamics of Azerbaijan’s financial integration with global financial markets within a comprehensive theoretical and empirical framework. Building on classical theories of economic integration and contemporary literature on financial market integration, the paper conceptualizes integration as a gradual, multidimensional, and institutionally conditioned process rather than a binary outcome. Using time-series data from official national and international sources, the analysis employs a combined autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and vector autoregression (VAR) approach to capture both long-run equilibrium relationships and short-run dynamic interactions among key macro-financial variables. The empirical results provide robust evidence of long-run cointegration between Azerbaijan’s domestic financial indicators and global financial variables, indicating the existence of structural financial linkages. However, the magnitude of estimated coefficients and the speed of adjustment reveal a moderate and partial level of integration. Exchange rate dynamics emerge as the primary transmission channel of global financial conditions, while interest rate linkages remain comparatively weak. Short-run dynamics further show that external financial shocks propagate through the system in a controlled and non-disruptive manner. The study contributes empirical evidence from a transition economy and offers policy-relevant insights on balancing financial openness, stability, and market development.

Portfolio Management Strategies and Their Effect on Cash Flow of Listed Insurance Companies in Kenya

2025-11-28T13:31:54+00:00

Insurance firms typically rely on cash flow to fund investments through portfolio management. However, many companies struggle due to the absence of clearly defined portfolio risk, portfolio size and portfolio asset allocation. Consequently, such firms tend to draw more cash from their operations to fund further investments that leads to insufficient cash reserves, putting firms at risk of financial instability and affecting their ability to meet operational and regulatory obligations. This paper evaluates the influence of portfolio management approaches on cash flow of quoted insurance companies in Kenya. The study employed correlational research design on a target population of six quoted insurance firms at the Nairobi securities exchange. Census method of collecting secondary data from the period 2011-2020 through the document review method was used. Findings indicate that elements of portfolio management have both significant positive and negative effects on cash flow, and that in connection with the agency theory managers can conduct expropriation behaviors by misusing firm cash flows, which hampers effective portfolio management. The study recommends that listed insurance companies allocate resources to viable investment projects that enhance cash generation.

Competitive Intelligence and the Shaping of AfCFTA Policy Integration and Industrialisation

2025-11-11T21:40:56+00:00

The African Continental Free Trade Area presents a unique opportunity for Zimbabwe to accelerate industrialisation and strengthen regional economic integration. While competitive intelligence has been widely acknowledged as a strategic tool in business, its role in informing national policy and industrial strategy in the context of AfCFTA remains underexplored. This study fills this gap by conducting a systematic literature review using the PRISMA framework to examine how CI can shape AfCFTA policy integration and industrialisation in Zimbabwe. Peer-reviewed articles, policy reports, and relevant documents were systematically identified, screened, and analyzed to ensure methodological rigor. Findings reveal that CI supports evidence-based policymaking, enhances industrial planning, reduces information asymmetries, and strengthens Zimbabwe’s competitiveness under AfCFTA. The study’s novelty lies in synthesizing insights specifically for Zimbabwe, highlighting practical recommendations for policymakers and industry stakeholders to leverage CI for sustainable industrial growth and regional integration.

Attitudes Concerning Knowledge. From Influencers to Scholars – An Essay

2026-03-20T20:46:05+00:00

The three characters discussed here subscribe to three different perspectives. Apparently, each of them possesses knowledge and delivers it to a certain audience. However, as we will see in the following, some manipulate, being interested in having their own image validated by the public rather than in the information serving as a bearer of validated truth, while others promote scientific truth and avoid conflicts of interest or manipulation. In the end, the discussion can be considered conducted within parameters related to morality, expertise, validation, and vanity.