Add-on Effects of Organisational Identity on Career Commitment Beyond Job Satisfaction
Keywords:
career commitment; organizational identity; job satisfactionAbstract
Commitment in the workplace has become a serious concern with which have consequences
on both the employees and management staff. The present study examined the add-on effect of
organisational identity on career commitment beyond job satisfaction among employees of power
generating companies in Ondo State, Southwest, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was
employed for the study. Two hundred and thirty-four (234) technical staff members of the two
Electricity Generation Companies participated in the study. We collected data using: (i) Demographic
Data Form (ii) Career Commitment scale, (iii) Job Satisfaction and (iv) Organisational Identity
questionnaire. Analysis of data was done using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Hierarchical
Multiple Regression Analysis to test the research hypothesis. Findings showed that that when job
satisfaction has significant contribution to career commitment (5.4%) was observed (coeff = .118 β =
.232; > .001). Introduction of organisational identity to the model revealed a significant contribution
(8.9%). The icusion of organisational identity in the model provided a significant change of 3.5% to the
prediction of career commitment. arising from the findings, we recommended among other that career
development systems be put in place in organisation in order to create a balance between individual
career aspirations and the organizational needs.
References
Ackerman, L. D. (2000). Identity is destiny: Leadership and the roots of value creation. San Francisco:
Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.
Adio, G. & Popoola, S.O. (2010). Job satisfaction and career commitment of librarians in federal
university libraries in Nigeria. Library Review, 59(3), pp. 175-184.
Akinyemi, B. O. (2014). Organizational commitment in Nigerian banks: The influence of age, tenure
and education3. Journal of Management and Sustainability, 4(4), pp. 104-115.
Andrea, M.; Moscoso, R & Ted, S. T. (2011). Career Commitment and Organizational Commitment in
for Profit and non-Profit Sectors. Int. J. Emerg. Sci., 1(3), pp. 324-340.
Anteby, M. & Molnar, V. (2012). Collective memory meets organizational identity: Remembering to
forget in a firm’s rhetorical history. Academy of Management Journal, (55), pp. 515-540.
Awolusi, O. D. (2013). Effects of motivation on employees’ job commitment in Nigerian banking
industry: An empirical analysis. European Center for Research Training and Development, 1 (3), pp.
1- 17.
Awoyemi, O. O. & Odefadehan, O. (2017). Job satisfaction as correlates of career commitment of
librarians in selected universities in Ekiti and Ondo States, Nigeria. International Journal of Library
and Information Science Studies, 3 (1), pp. 1-15.
Beech, N. & Johnson, P. (2005). Discourses of disrupted identities in the practice of strategic change:
The mayor, the street-fighter and the insider-out. Journal of Organizational Change Management,
18(1), pp. 31-47.
Blau, G. J. (1985). The measurement and prediction of career commitment. Journal of Occupational
and Organizational Psychology, 58(4), pp. 277–288.
Blau, G. J. (1988). Further exploring the meaning and measurement of career commitment. Journal of
Vocational Behaviour, 32(3), pp. 284–297.
Blau, G. J. (1989). Testing the generalizability of a career commitment measure and its impact on
employee turnover. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 35, pp. 88-103, doi:10.1016/0001-
8791(89)90050-X.
Brown, A. D. & Humphreys, M. (2002). Nostalgia and the narrativization of identity: A Turkish case
study. British Journal of Management, 13, pp. 141-159.
Carmeli, A. & Freund, A. (2004). Commitment, job satisfaction, and job performance: an empirical
investigation. International Journal of Organization Theory and Behaviour, 6(4), pp. 289-309.
Carson, K. D. & Bedeian, A. G. (1994). Career commitment: construction of a measure and examination
of its psychometric properties. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 44, pp. 237–262.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1994.1017.
Chen, D.; Myrtle, R.; Liu, C. & Fahey, D. (2011) Job and career influences on the career
commitment of health care executives: The mediating effect of job satisfaction. Journal of Health
Organization and Management, 25(6), pp. 693-710.
Cheney, G. (1982). Organisational identification as process and product: A fileld study. Unpublished
master’s thesis, Purdue University.
Chiang, Y.; Lee, H.; Chu, T.; Han, C. & Hsiao, Y. (2016). The impact of nurses’ spiritual health on
their attitudes toward spiritual care, professional commitment, and caring. Nursing Outlook, 64(3), pp.
215-224.
Conger, J.A.; Kanungo, R.N. & Menon, S.T. (2000). Charismatic leadership and follower effects.
Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 21(7), pp. 747–767.
Ćulibrk, J.; Delić, M.; Mitrović, S. & Ćulibrk, D. (2018). Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment
and Job Involvement: The Mediating Role of Job Involvement. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, p. 132
Day, R. & Allen, T. (2004). The relationship between career motivation and self-efficacy with protégé
career success. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 64, pp. 72–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0001-
8791(03)00036-8.
De Geus, A. (1997). The living company: Growth, learning and longevity in business. London: Nicholas
Brearley Publishing.
Duffy, R. D.; Dik, B. J. & Steger, M. F. (2011). Calling and work-related outcomes: Career commitment
as a mediator. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 78(2), pp. 210-218. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2010.09.013
Edwards, M. R. & Peccei, R. (2010). Perceived Organizational Support, Organizational identification,
and employee outcomes. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 9 (1), pp. 17-26.
Elsbach, K. D. & Bhattacharya, C. B. (2001). Defining who you are by what you’re not: Organizational
disidentification and the National Rifle Association. Organization Science, 12, pp. 393-413.
Fu, J. & Chen, J. H. F. (2015). Career commitment of information technology professionals: The
investment model perspective. Information & Management, 52 (5), pp. 537-549.
Golden-Biddle, K., Rao. H. (1997). Breaches in the boardroom: Organizational identity and conflicts
of commitment in a nonprofit organization. Organisation Science, 8, pp. 593-611.
Goulet, L. R. & Singh. P. (2001). Career commitment: A reexamination and an extension. Journal of
Vocational Behaviour, 61, pp. 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2001.1844.
Govender, S., & Parumasur, S. B. (2010). The relationship between employee motivation and job
involvement. South African. Journal of Economics and Management Science,13, pp. 237–253.
Hall, D. T. (1971). A theoretical model of career subidentity development in organizational settings.
Organizational Behaviour and Human Performance, 6, pp. 50–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-
5073(71)90005-5.
He, H. & Brown A. D. (2003). Organizational identity and Organizational identification. A review of
the literature and suggestions for future research. Group Organization Management. University of
Bath. UK.
Herachwati, N. & Rachma, A. (2018). Organizational commitment versus career commitment. The
2018 International Conference of Organizational Innovation, KnE Social Sciences, pp. 371–383. DOI
10.18502/kss.v3i10.3388
Jeremias, J. K. (2005). Motivation, work commitment and man’s will to meaning. An unpublished
dissertation submitted in Organisation Behaviour, Faculty of Economical Management Sciences,
University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
Kalkavan, S. & Katrinli, A. (2014). The effects of managerial coaching Behaviours on the employees’
perception of job satisfaction, organisational commitment, and job performance: Case study on
insurance industry in Turkey. Procedia - Social and Behavioural Sciences, 150, pp. 1137-1147.
Kidd, J. M. & Green, F. (2006). The careers of research scientists: predictors of three dimensions of
career commitment and intention to leave science. Personnel Review, 35(3), pp. 229–251.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483480610656676.
Kontos, S. & Riessen, J. (1993). Predictors of job satisfaction, job stress, and job commitment in family
day care. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 14(3), pp. 427-441.
Labich, K. (1994). Why companies fail. Fortune, 130 (10), pp. 22-32.
Lee, K., Carswell, J. J., & Allen, N. J. (2000). A meta-analytic review of occupational commitment:
Relations with person- and work-related variables. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(5), pp. 799-811.
doi:10.1037/0021-9010.85.5.799.
Lydon, J. E. & Zanna, M. P. (1990). Commitment in the face of adversity: A value affirmation
approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, pp. 1040-1047.
Mdletye, M. A.; Coetzee, J. & Ukpere, W.I. (2014). Organisational identity: Another key consideration
for facilitating effective and efficient transformational change – Lessons from the South African
Department of Correctional Services. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(3), pp. 190-203.
Millar, C. C. J. M.; Chen, S. & Waller, L. (2017). Leadership, knowledge and people in knowledgeintensive
organisations: implications for HRM theory and practice. International Journal of Human
Resources Management. 28, pp. 261–275.
Morrow, P. C. (2011). Managing organizational commitment: Insights from longitudinal research.
Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 79(1), pp. 18-35.
Morrow, P. C.; McElroy, J. C. & Scheibe, K. P. (2012). Influencing organizational commitment through
office redesign. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 81(1), pp. 99-111.
Myrtle, R. C.; Chen, D. R.; Lui, C. & Fahey, D. (2011). Job and career influences on the career
commitment of health care executives. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 25(6), pp.
693–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14777261111178565.
Nazish, A.; Amjad, R.; Mehboob, S. A. A. & Rizwan, M. (2013). Job and career influences on career
commitment among employees of banking sector: The mediating effect of job satisfaction &
organizational commitment. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2(11), pp.
47-54.
Ng, T. W. H. & Feldman, D. C. (2011). Affective organizational commitment and citizenship
Behaviour: Linear and non-linear moderating effects of organizational tenure. Journal of Vocational
Behaviour, 79 (2), pp. 528-537.
Niu, H. (2010). Investigating the effects of self-efficacy on foodservice industry employees’ career
commitment. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29 (4), pp. 743-750.
Ogunjinmi, A. A.; Onadeko, S. A.; Ladebo, O. J. & Ogunjinmi, K. O. (2014). Personal characteristics
and training opportunities as determinants of organisational commitment among Nigeria national parks’
employees. European Scientific Journal 10(5), pp. 221-232.
Orkibi, H. (2010). Creative arts therapies students’ professional identity and career commitment: A
brief pilot study report. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 37 (3), pp. 228-232.
Orkibi, H. (2016). Highly artistic-social personalities buffer the effects of burnout on career
commitment. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 50, pp. 75-83. Perry.
Perminas, M.; Vaitkevičius, R. & Astrauskaitė, A. (2011). Job Satisfaction Survey: A Confirmatory
Factor Analysis Based on Secondary School Teachers’ Sample. International Journal of Business and
Management, 6(5), pp. 41-50.
Perry, S. J.; Hunter, E. M. & Currall, S. C. (2016). Managing the innovators: Organizational and
professional commitment among scientists and engineers. Research Policy, 45(6), pp. 1247-1262.
Popoola, S. O. & Oluwole, D. A. (2007). Career commitment among records management personnel in
Osun State Civil Service in Nigeria. Records Management Journal, 17(2), pp. 97-116.
Ravasi, D. & Phillips, N. (2011). Strategies of alignment: organizational identity management and
strategic change at Bang & Olufsen. Strategic Organization, 9, pp. 103-135.
Riantoputra, C.D. (2010). Know thyself: Examining factors that influence the activation of
organizational identity concepts in top managers’ minds. Group & Organization Management, 35, pp.
8-38.
Sareshkeh, S. K.; Ghaziani, F.G. & Tayebi, S. M. (2012). Impact of Organizational Justice Perceptions
on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment: The Iranian Sport Federations Perspective.
Annals of Biological Research, 3(8), pp. 4229-4238.
Spector, P. E. (1997). Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes, and Consequences. United
Kingdom: Sage Publications Ltd.
Sugreen, G. (2010). The relationship between organisational identity and organisational performance.
Doctoral Dissertation. University of Johannesbrug, South Africa.
Syptak, J.; Marsland, D. & Ulmer, D. (1999). Job satisfaction: Putting theory into practice. Family
Practice Management, 65, pp. 23-30.
Tyler, T. R. (1999). Why people cooperate with organizations: An identity-based perspective. In L. L.
Cummings & B. M. Staw (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behaviour, 21, pp. 201-246. Greenwich,
CT: JAI.
Valaei N. & Rezaei S. (2016). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment: an empirical
investigation among ICT-SMEs. Management Research Review, 39, pp. 1663–1694.
Voser, P. (2011). Energy for Economic growth: Energy Vision Update.The World Economic Forum
and IHS Cambridge Energy Research Associates, Inc.
Warr, Cook & Walls (1979). Job Satisfaction Scale. Australian Psychologist, 50(2), pp. 122-129.
Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.
Adio, G. & Popoola, S.O. (2010). Job satisfaction and career commitment of librarians in federal
university libraries in Nigeria. Library Review, 59(3), pp. 175-184.
Akinyemi, B. O. (2014). Organizational commitment in Nigerian banks: The influence of age, tenure
and education3. Journal of Management and Sustainability, 4(4), pp. 104-115.
Andrea, M.; Moscoso, R & Ted, S. T. (2011). Career Commitment and Organizational Commitment in
for Profit and non-Profit Sectors. Int. J. Emerg. Sci., 1(3), pp. 324-340.
Anteby, M. & Molnar, V. (2012). Collective memory meets organizational identity: Remembering to
forget in a firm’s rhetorical history. Academy of Management Journal, (55), pp. 515-540.
Awolusi, O. D. (2013). Effects of motivation on employees’ job commitment in Nigerian banking
industry: An empirical analysis. European Center for Research Training and Development, 1 (3), pp.
1- 17.
Awoyemi, O. O. & Odefadehan, O. (2017). Job satisfaction as correlates of career commitment of
librarians in selected universities in Ekiti and Ondo States, Nigeria. International Journal of Library
and Information Science Studies, 3 (1), pp. 1-15.
Beech, N. & Johnson, P. (2005). Discourses of disrupted identities in the practice of strategic change:
The mayor, the street-fighter and the insider-out. Journal of Organizational Change Management,
18(1), pp. 31-47.
Blau, G. J. (1985). The measurement and prediction of career commitment. Journal of Occupational
and Organizational Psychology, 58(4), pp. 277–288.
Blau, G. J. (1988). Further exploring the meaning and measurement of career commitment. Journal of
Vocational Behaviour, 32(3), pp. 284–297.
Blau, G. J. (1989). Testing the generalizability of a career commitment measure and its impact on
employee turnover. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 35, pp. 88-103, doi:10.1016/0001-
8791(89)90050-X.
Brown, A. D. & Humphreys, M. (2002). Nostalgia and the narrativization of identity: A Turkish case
study. British Journal of Management, 13, pp. 141-159.
Carmeli, A. & Freund, A. (2004). Commitment, job satisfaction, and job performance: an empirical
investigation. International Journal of Organization Theory and Behaviour, 6(4), pp. 289-309.
Carson, K. D. & Bedeian, A. G. (1994). Career commitment: construction of a measure and examination
of its psychometric properties. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 44, pp. 237–262.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1994.1017.
Chen, D.; Myrtle, R.; Liu, C. & Fahey, D. (2011) Job and career influences on the career
commitment of health care executives: The mediating effect of job satisfaction. Journal of Health
Organization and Management, 25(6), pp. 693-710.
Cheney, G. (1982). Organisational identification as process and product: A fileld study. Unpublished
master’s thesis, Purdue University.
Chiang, Y.; Lee, H.; Chu, T.; Han, C. & Hsiao, Y. (2016). The impact of nurses’ spiritual health on
their attitudes toward spiritual care, professional commitment, and caring. Nursing Outlook, 64(3), pp.
215-224.
Conger, J.A.; Kanungo, R.N. & Menon, S.T. (2000). Charismatic leadership and follower effects.
Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 21(7), pp. 747–767.
Ćulibrk, J.; Delić, M.; Mitrović, S. & Ćulibrk, D. (2018). Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment
and Job Involvement: The Mediating Role of Job Involvement. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, p. 132
Day, R. & Allen, T. (2004). The relationship between career motivation and self-efficacy with protégé
career success. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 64, pp. 72–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0001-
8791(03)00036-8.
De Geus, A. (1997). The living company: Growth, learning and longevity in business. London: Nicholas
Brearley Publishing.
Duffy, R. D.; Dik, B. J. & Steger, M. F. (2011). Calling and work-related outcomes: Career commitment
as a mediator. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 78(2), pp. 210-218. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2010.09.013
Edwards, M. R. & Peccei, R. (2010). Perceived Organizational Support, Organizational identification,
and employee outcomes. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 9 (1), pp. 17-26.
Elsbach, K. D. & Bhattacharya, C. B. (2001). Defining who you are by what you’re not: Organizational
disidentification and the National Rifle Association. Organization Science, 12, pp. 393-413.
Fu, J. & Chen, J. H. F. (2015). Career commitment of information technology professionals: The
investment model perspective. Information & Management, 52 (5), pp. 537-549.
Golden-Biddle, K., Rao. H. (1997). Breaches in the boardroom: Organizational identity and conflicts
of commitment in a nonprofit organization. Organisation Science, 8, pp. 593-611.
Goulet, L. R. & Singh. P. (2001). Career commitment: A reexamination and an extension. Journal of
Vocational Behaviour, 61, pp. 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2001.1844.
Govender, S., & Parumasur, S. B. (2010). The relationship between employee motivation and job
involvement. South African. Journal of Economics and Management Science,13, pp. 237–253.
Hall, D. T. (1971). A theoretical model of career subidentity development in organizational settings.
Organizational Behaviour and Human Performance, 6, pp. 50–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-
5073(71)90005-5.
He, H. & Brown A. D. (2003). Organizational identity and Organizational identification. A review of
the literature and suggestions for future research. Group Organization Management. University of
Bath. UK.
Herachwati, N. & Rachma, A. (2018). Organizational commitment versus career commitment. The
2018 International Conference of Organizational Innovation, KnE Social Sciences, pp. 371–383. DOI
10.18502/kss.v3i10.3388
Jeremias, J. K. (2005). Motivation, work commitment and man’s will to meaning. An unpublished
dissertation submitted in Organisation Behaviour, Faculty of Economical Management Sciences,
University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
Kalkavan, S. & Katrinli, A. (2014). The effects of managerial coaching Behaviours on the employees’
perception of job satisfaction, organisational commitment, and job performance: Case study on
insurance industry in Turkey. Procedia - Social and Behavioural Sciences, 150, pp. 1137-1147.
Kidd, J. M. & Green, F. (2006). The careers of research scientists: predictors of three dimensions of
career commitment and intention to leave science. Personnel Review, 35(3), pp. 229–251.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483480610656676.
Kontos, S. & Riessen, J. (1993). Predictors of job satisfaction, job stress, and job commitment in family
day care. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 14(3), pp. 427-441.
Labich, K. (1994). Why companies fail. Fortune, 130 (10), pp. 22-32.
Lee, K., Carswell, J. J., & Allen, N. J. (2000). A meta-analytic review of occupational commitment:
Relations with person- and work-related variables. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(5), pp. 799-811.
doi:10.1037/0021-9010.85.5.799.
Lydon, J. E. & Zanna, M. P. (1990). Commitment in the face of adversity: A value affirmation
approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, pp. 1040-1047.
Mdletye, M. A.; Coetzee, J. & Ukpere, W.I. (2014). Organisational identity: Another key consideration
for facilitating effective and efficient transformational change – Lessons from the South African
Department of Correctional Services. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(3), pp. 190-203.
Millar, C. C. J. M.; Chen, S. & Waller, L. (2017). Leadership, knowledge and people in knowledgeintensive
organisations: implications for HRM theory and practice. International Journal of Human
Resources Management. 28, pp. 261–275.
Morrow, P. C. (2011). Managing organizational commitment: Insights from longitudinal research.
Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 79(1), pp. 18-35.
Morrow, P. C.; McElroy, J. C. & Scheibe, K. P. (2012). Influencing organizational commitment through
office redesign. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 81(1), pp. 99-111.
Myrtle, R. C.; Chen, D. R.; Lui, C. & Fahey, D. (2011). Job and career influences on the career
commitment of health care executives. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 25(6), pp.
693–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14777261111178565.
Nazish, A.; Amjad, R.; Mehboob, S. A. A. & Rizwan, M. (2013). Job and career influences on career
commitment among employees of banking sector: The mediating effect of job satisfaction &
organizational commitment. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2(11), pp.
47-54.
Ng, T. W. H. & Feldman, D. C. (2011). Affective organizational commitment and citizenship
Behaviour: Linear and non-linear moderating effects of organizational tenure. Journal of Vocational
Behaviour, 79 (2), pp. 528-537.
Niu, H. (2010). Investigating the effects of self-efficacy on foodservice industry employees’ career
commitment. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29 (4), pp. 743-750.
Ogunjinmi, A. A.; Onadeko, S. A.; Ladebo, O. J. & Ogunjinmi, K. O. (2014). Personal characteristics
and training opportunities as determinants of organisational commitment among Nigeria national parks’
employees. European Scientific Journal 10(5), pp. 221-232.
Orkibi, H. (2010). Creative arts therapies students’ professional identity and career commitment: A
brief pilot study report. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 37 (3), pp. 228-232.
Orkibi, H. (2016). Highly artistic-social personalities buffer the effects of burnout on career
commitment. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 50, pp. 75-83. Perry.
Perminas, M.; Vaitkevičius, R. & Astrauskaitė, A. (2011). Job Satisfaction Survey: A Confirmatory
Factor Analysis Based on Secondary School Teachers’ Sample. International Journal of Business and
Management, 6(5), pp. 41-50.
Perry, S. J.; Hunter, E. M. & Currall, S. C. (2016). Managing the innovators: Organizational and
professional commitment among scientists and engineers. Research Policy, 45(6), pp. 1247-1262.
Popoola, S. O. & Oluwole, D. A. (2007). Career commitment among records management personnel in
Osun State Civil Service in Nigeria. Records Management Journal, 17(2), pp. 97-116.
Ravasi, D. & Phillips, N. (2011). Strategies of alignment: organizational identity management and
strategic change at Bang & Olufsen. Strategic Organization, 9, pp. 103-135.
Riantoputra, C.D. (2010). Know thyself: Examining factors that influence the activation of
organizational identity concepts in top managers’ minds. Group & Organization Management, 35, pp.
8-38.
Sareshkeh, S. K.; Ghaziani, F.G. & Tayebi, S. M. (2012). Impact of Organizational Justice Perceptions
on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment: The Iranian Sport Federations Perspective.
Annals of Biological Research, 3(8), pp. 4229-4238.
Spector, P. E. (1997). Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes, and Consequences. United
Kingdom: Sage Publications Ltd.
Sugreen, G. (2010). The relationship between organisational identity and organisational performance.
Doctoral Dissertation. University of Johannesbrug, South Africa.
Syptak, J.; Marsland, D. & Ulmer, D. (1999). Job satisfaction: Putting theory into practice. Family
Practice Management, 65, pp. 23-30.
Tyler, T. R. (1999). Why people cooperate with organizations: An identity-based perspective. In L. L.
Cummings & B. M. Staw (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behaviour, 21, pp. 201-246. Greenwich,
CT: JAI.
Valaei N. & Rezaei S. (2016). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment: an empirical
investigation among ICT-SMEs. Management Research Review, 39, pp. 1663–1694.
Voser, P. (2011). Energy for Economic growth: Energy Vision Update.The World Economic Forum
and IHS Cambridge Energy Research Associates, Inc.
Warr, Cook & Walls (1979). Job Satisfaction Scale. Australian Psychologist, 50(2), pp. 122-129.
Published
2020-11-23
How to Cite
Azeez, R. O., Shonaike, A. F., & Adenuga, R. A. (2020). Add-on Effects of Organisational Identity on Career Commitment Beyond Job Satisfaction: Array. New Trends in Psychology, 2(2). Retrieved from https://dj.univ-danubius.ro/index.php/NTP/article/view/689
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